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The PS ''Washington Irving'' was a sidewheel day boat and the flagship of the Hudson River Day Line that operated on the Hudson River from 1913 to 1926. The ''Washington Irving'' collided with an oil barge in the fog on 1 June 1926 on the North River. With the aid of tugboats, it reached shore at Pier 12, Jersey City, where it sank soon thereafter. Out of 200 passengers and 105 crew, three died as a result of the accident. Its removal was complicated due to its sinking upon the site of the Holland Tunnel, which was under construction. It remained submerged there until 13 February 1927, when it was raised and determined to be a total loss. A bond was issued for its replacement. ==Characteristics== The quadruple-decker ''Washington Irving'', named after the author Washington Irving, was built in 1912 by the New York Shipbuilding Company for contract number 126 with machinery built by W. & A. Fletcher Company of Hoboken, New Jersey.〔 The ship was launched 7 December 1912 and delivered 3 May 1913 for use in the New York City-Albany service. Naval architect Frank E. Kirby, designer of large Great Lakes passenger steamers, collaborated with the New York City firm J. W. Millard & Brothers, designers of ferry boats, to design the ship.〔〔 Kirby's ''Seeandbee'', launched 9 November 1912 at the Detroit Shipbuilding Company, was the largest side wheel ship in the world at the time. Preliminary design tests on hull form were conducted by at the University of Michigan determining the best form for minimum wave making resistance in shallow water at high speeds.〔 With a carrying capacity of 6,000 passengers, it had the largest passenger-carrying capacity of any riverboat built at the time of its construction.〔〔 The steel hulled steamer measured length overall, beam over all, molded beam, depth and draft.〔〔 The ship's tonnage was .〔 Seven transverse bulkheads divided the hull with extensive strengthening for rigidity of the five decks to prevent hogging and sagging without use of visible hogging girders prevalent on older vessels of the type.〔 Steel and asbestos were used in hull and superstructure, particularly in high exposure areas such as fire room and galley, whenever practical for fire protection.〔 Propulsion was by steel, fethering paddles in diameter driven by a three-cylinder compound inclined engine with cylinders measuring , and with an stroke.〔 Four single ended and two double ended Scotch boilers provided steam.〔 The single ended boilers measured diameter by length and the double ended boilers were diameter by in length with coal consumption of five tons per hour.〔 operating speed was or, in marine terms, 20.4 knots.〔 Two 35 kilowatt Kerr turbo generators provided electrical power.〔 The ship had three smoke stacks amidships for its boilers, but the forward stack was non-functioning; only added for aesthetic purposes. The ship began service with the Hudson River Day Line as their flagship steamer from 1913 to 1926.〔 ''Washington Irving'' was intended solely for passenger day service and neither sleeping nor cargo spaces were incorporated in design.〔 Nineteen private "balcony parlors" were available with the rest of the spaces being large public spaces with decor based on the Irving period.〔 A large writing room's design was based on the Alhambra.〔 Forward, below the main deck, was a large lunch room patterened on the Old Cock Tavern of London and a ladies lounge was patterned on Irving's study at "Sunnyside".〔 The main dining room, on the after main deck, was purely in Colonial style.〔 The main saloon on the main deck blended Moorish and Knickerbocker designs and was among the largest rooms afloat.〔 The vessel had about of outside deck space and rooms were fitted with large plate glass for views of the river.〔 Though licensed for 6,000 passengers, breaking a record for such ships previously held by consort ''Hendrik Hudson'', the deck space would have made it possible to carry 1,400 more than its 6,000 capacity license allowed.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「PS Washington Irving」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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